Description
Torsades de Pointes (TdP)
A type of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is inherently unstable and often quickly degrades into ventricular fibrillation. It usually occurs in the setting of a prolonged QT interval, which can either be genetic or acquired.
Treatment
* Defibrillation – per ACLS, ventricular tachycardia with a pulse should receive synchronized cardioversion. But in real life, the defibrillator often isn’t able to “sync” with TdP, forcing you to perform unsynchronized cardioversion (aka defibrillation).* IV Magnesium – treats and prevents TdP, even when magnesium levels are normal* Overdrive Pacing – by preventing bradycardia, we help prevent TdP (bradycardia prolongs the QT interval). * Electrical Overdrive Pacing – transcutaneous or transvenous pacemaker* Chemical Overdrive Pacing – beta agonist therapy (isoproterenol)* Lidocaine – anti-arrhythmic therapy that does not prolong QTc.* Fix underlying cause – congenital long QT syndrome, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, medication induced (psych meds, anti-emetics, methadone, fluoroquinolones, many more)
Defibrillation and IV Magnesium are used for patients who are ACTIVELY in TdP. Once you shock/mag them into a stable rhythm, you can use Overdrive Pacing / Lidocaine / Treat Underlying Cause to PREVENT them from going back into TdP.
* Common during the first year of life as well as during puberty
* Presents with nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, and/or testicular pain
* ALWAYS examine a child for signs of torsion who presents with abdominal pain (especially lower abdominal pain)
* Look for tenderness,...
Published 04/16/24
You are working at Clerkship General when the next patient is put into your rack. It is an 8 year-old male with vomiting
Initial Vitals:
HR: 119
BP: 104/63
Temp: 98.0F
RR: 20
O2: 99% (Room Air)
Critical Actions:
* Finger Stick Blood...
Published 04/02/24