The article, "The Bitter Lesson," argues that the most effective approach to artificial intelligence (AI) research is to focus on general methods that leverage computation, rather than relying on human knowledge. The author, Rich Sutton, uses several examples from the history of AI, including computer chess, Go, speech recognition, and computer vision, to show that methods based on brute-force search and learning, which utilise vast amounts of computational power, have consistently outperformed those that incorporate human understanding of the problem domain. Sutton contends that the relentless increase in computational power makes scaling computation the key driver of progress in AI, and that efforts to build in human knowledge can ultimately hinder advancement.