Efficiency measures are widely touted as the lowest-cost, or even negative-cost, solution to our future energy needs, with collateral environmental and climate benefits. But, is it all it’s cracked up to be? Featured on this panel are Arjun Gupta, Amit Chatterjee, Robert McDonald, Kristina M. Johnson, and David Owen.

Building the green cities of tomorrow—with various layers of technology and information technology—requires systemic thinking and innovation. The key gap in reaching our technological potential in this arena is human capital. How do we build the workforce to support the needs of the future city?