Azra Raza is a physician, scientist, author, and outspoken advocate for reconfiguring the current model of research in cancer. In this episode, Azra discusses the content of her book, The First Cell, which takes a critical look at the outdated models being used to study cancer resulting in a lack of progress in survival rates for cancer patients. Azra offers a solution which focuses on early detection and prevention, and she concludes with an optimistic outlook for the future of cancer research.   We discuss: Azra’s upbringing, interest in oncology, and the basis for writing her book [3:30]; The lack of progress in cancer treatment over the decades [18:45]; What is holding the oncology field back? [33:15]; Do the purported advances in oncology reflect the billions of dollars spent on cancer research? [40:00]; Economics of new cancer drugs—how small increases in survival come with staggering financial burdens [47:00]; How good intentions can still lead to misaligned incentives and a broken system [1:03:00]; Why 95% of new cancer drugs fail—a critical review of the cancer research model [1:11:15]; Early detection and prevention—a potential solution to the cancer problem [1:22:30]; Coping with the loss of her husband to cancer [1:46:00]; Azra’s optimistic view of the future [1:49:30]; and More. Learn more: https://peterattiamd.com/ Show notes page for this episode: https://peterattiamd.com/azraraza Subscribe to receive exclusive subscriber-only content: https://peterattiamd.com/subscribe/ Sign up to receive Peter's email newsletter: https://peterattiamd.com/newsletter/ Connect with Peter on Facebook | Twitter | Instagram.