Whether or not steroids should be used in shock has been an on-going debate for many years. In this episode I discuss some of the literature, in particular relating to the use of steroids in septic shock, and the concept of ‘relative adrenal insufficiency’ – more recently referred to as ‘critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency’ (CIRCI). An episode summary is as follows: Use of steroids in shock in general is not recommended unless that patient happens to have a steroid-responsive disease as the cause of their shock; this is rare. ‘Low dose’ or ‘physiological’ steroids can be used in patients with septic shock – or other critical illness – that is refractory to fluid resuscitation and exogenous catecholamine use; many veterinary practitioners may not have access to vasopressor/inotropic agents. A positive response to low dose steroid use suggests the presence of CIRCI Hydrocortisone is typically suggested; dexamethasone may be less preferable but can still be used ***Much remains to be clarified about this in human and especially veterinary medicine in terms of which patients are the best candidates, when to start steroids, what protocol to use and so on.*** This episode is in part derived from: Burkitt Creedon JM. Controversies surrounding critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency in animals. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2015. 25(1):107-112. For SHOW NOTES of this episode including a full list of all papers that informed or were mentioned in this episode, see HERE. Click Here For Your FREE Copy of a Transcript of This Episode