Medicare, a national health insurance program for individuals over 65, has been a pivotal part of American social policy since its inception in 1965 under President Lyndon B. Johnson. Despite its significance, the program remains a contentious topic in U.S. politics, often debated in the context of broader healthcare reforms and federal tax implications. In this episode we explore what Medicare covers, how it operates, and the reasons behind its divisive nature, delving into its historical roots and the political struggles that led to its establishment. We also discuss the program's evolution, its impact on the healthcare system, and the ongoing ideological battles surrounding it. As the U.S. approaches another election cycle, understanding Medicare's role and the varying perceptions of its value is crucial for navigating the future of healthcare in America. ... Special guest for this episode: Keith A. Wailoo, a professor of history and public affairs, also at Princeton. He is formerly Vice Dean of the School of Public and International Affairs, and former President of the American Association for the History of Medicine. His research straddles history and health policy, touching on drugs and drug policy, and the politics of race and health.Julian E. Zelitzer,  a professor of history and public affairs at Princeton University, who The History News Network named as one of the top young historians in the country. He is regarded as one of the pioneers of the revival of American political history ... Highlights from this episode: Medicare, created 59 years ago, is a pivotal program providing healthcare to seniors in the US. The program's funding comes from payroll taxes and general revenue, challenging the welfare program perception. Initially covering only the elderly, Medicare has expanded to include disabled individuals over time. Political resistance to Medicare stemmed from fears of socialized medicine and potential fiscal burdens. The ongoing debate around Medicare reflects deep ideological divides within American healthcare politics. Medicare's success has led to its acceptance across political lines, despite ongoing contention with Medicaid. ... Additional Resources: BOOK: Medicare and Medicaid at 50: America's Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care ... And if you like this episode, you might also love: What Was the Constitutional Convention? Why Does the President Only Serve Two Terms? Is the President Above the Law? How Are Presidents Elected? What is the US Constitution? ... Thank you for listening to our podcast. It's a labor of love by an American history nerd and some smarter folk. Making it does come at a small cost so if you'd like to help: Individuals - a...