Professor Martti Koskenniemi (University of Helsinki) joins us to discuss philosophy and history of international law, international legal scholarship, and the Helsinki school. Publications referred to in the episode: Koskenniemi, Martti. From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of International Legal Argument. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Koskenniemi, Martti. The Gentle Civilizer of Nations: The Rise and Fall of International Law 1870–1960. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Koskenniemi, Martti. To the Uttermost Parts of the Earth: Legal Imagination and International Power 1300–1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Powers, Richard. The Overstory. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2018.