Back by popular demand…all two of you…the second chapter of The Clinical Physiology of Acid Base and Electrolyte Disorders. Chapter Outline- Renal Circulation and GFR     - RBF is 20% of cardiac output         - In terms of mL per 100 g organ weight it is 4x the liver and exercising muscle and 8x coronary blood flow!         - After the glomeruli the efferent arteriole have two fates             - Peritubular capillaries in the cortex                 - Peritubular capillaries are not necessarily associated with their parent glomeruli. Weird.             - Vasa recta from juxtamedullary glomeruli in the medulla Joel Says: This seems wrong. Solute balance can be maintained down to a very low GFR. The R^2 here would be very low. Prove me wrong.    - States that GFR is an important determinant of solute and water excretion. - Glomerular anatomy and function     - Structure Four editions of the Bud Bible up top and a copy of Bud Light on the bottom.         - Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries             - Enclosed in a capsule of epithelial cells, called Bowman’s capsule             - The epithelial cells of Bowman’s capsule are continuous with the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule Looking at scanning EMs of the glomerulus is one of life’s simple pleasures—Josh. Josh says: Look at the review in Nature Reviews Nephrology from Rachel Lennon’s groupComplexities of the glomerular basement membrane         - Filtration barrier             - Epithelial cell (podocyte)                 - Epithelial cells adhere to the basement membrane via foot processes and the foot processes have slit diaphragms              - Basement membrane New Super-resolution structure of the GBM: https://elifesciences.org/articles/01149 Hi res microscopy is really hi-res. Technique is call ed STORM. Melanie talks about conduits through the glomeruli. Here is a cool review: Why until just now? Undiscovered uniqueness of the human glomerulus! by L. Gabriel Navar, Owen Richfield Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2018 Nov 1; 315(5): F1345–F1346. Published online 2018 Aug 15. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00369.2018 PMCID: PMC6293291                 - Produced by both the endothelial cells and podocytes                 - Formed from type IV collagen                     - Abnormalities of