This week Nancy takes a look at the use of Bell Mares during the 1800s up to WWII. Research References: L. Proops et al (2012).Social relations in a mixed group of mules, ponies and donkeys reflect differences in equid type, Behavioral Processes. Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376635712000654 Górecka-Bruzda A, Jastrzębska E, Drewka M, Nadolna Z, Becker K, Lansade L (2022) Female Horses are more socially dependent than geldings kept in riding clubs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 254:105714.  Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105714 --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/nancy-mclean/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/nancy-mclean/support