7.6 Lateral earth pressure due to surcharge 7.7 Active earth pressure for earthquake conditions 7.8 Active pressure for wall rotation about the top: braced cut 7.9 Active earth pressure for translation of retaining wall – granular backfill 7.10 Rankine Passive earth pressure 7.11 Rankine passive earth pressure: inclined backfill – frictionless vertical wall 7.12 Coulomb’s passive earth pressure 7.13 Comments on the failure surface assumption for Coulomb’s pressure calculations 7.14 Passive pressure under earthquake conditions