Over 30 years ago, researchers investigating the ultimate limits of mechanical detection of gravitational waves understood theoretically how quantum mechanics should limit these ultrasensitive mechanical measurements. In the past 10 years, the tools to prepare micron-scale mechanical structures in fundamental quantum states have been rapidly developed, using both optical and electrical techniques. In this lecture, I will give an overview of the state of the art from experiments in my group and around the world, focusing on the recent experiments to prepare the quantum ground state of motion and the success to produce superposition states in the laboratory. Presented Feb. 24, 2011.