The relations of Scotland with Europe are now at the heart of today's national political discourse after the historic result of the EU referendum in June 2016. Is the nation's future to be found in Europe, either inside or outside the United Kingdom, is just one of the many questions which are now widely debated. This lecture by Professor Sir Tom Devine, Sir William Fraser Professor of Scottish History and Palaeography Emeritus in the University of Edinburgh, will seek to provide historical context and perspective to these issues. He will argue that for centuries Scotland was a profoundly European nation with much closer links to the continent through migration, commerce, politics, religion and ideas than with England. It will also be shown that the impact of this connection on the shaping of this country was deep and diverse and the effects remain with us to the present day. Finally, the presentation will explore any linkages between that past and the political challenges which confront the nation in the future.