In this episode, I briefly discuss what Marcus Aurelius said about masculinity, and how it might differ from what some modern self-improvement influencers say, despite their claims to be influenced by Stoicism. Stoicism: Philosophy as a Way of Life is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Highlights * The resurgence of Stoicism and the manosphere * Stoic philosophy versus being “stoic” * Marcus Aurelius’ enemies accused him of being unmanly * Marcus’ mother and father’s influence * The influence of Emperor Antoninus Pius * What Marcus says about manliness and anger * Marcus sums up manliness in one of his favourite slogans: “Upright, not set upright.” Links * Marcus Aurelius: The Stoic Emperor * Verissimus: The Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius * How to Think Like a Roman Emperor Thank you for reading Stoicism: Philosophy as a Way of Life. This post is public so feel free to share it. Get full access to Stoicism: Philosophy as a Way of Life at donaldrobertson.substack.com/subscribe