The complete archive of Subversive episodes, including exclusive episodes and my writing, is available on Substack. For a bit less, you can also subscribe to the podcast sans writing on Patreon. This is how the show is financed and grows, so I appreciate every contribution! Please subscribe at: ⁠⁠https://www.alexkaschuta.com/ ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.patreon.com/aksubversive⁠ In this conversation, we explore the significance of national IQ over individual IQ, the impact of cultural externalities on immigration, and the disparities in income across countries. We also discuss the implications of population decline, fiscal responsibility, and the role of the US in global economics. The conversation also delves into the concept of smart fractions in innovation, the effects of cultural transplants on immigration policy, and the challenges facing democracy in the West. Garett Jones is an economist, a professor at George Mason University, and an author. His research covers areas from macroeconomics, monetary policy, and IQ in relation to productivity, short-term business cycles, and economic development. His most recent book is The Culture Transplant: How Migrants Make the Economies They Move To a Lot Like the Ones They Left. Chapters 00:00 The Importance of National IQ 02:46 Cultural Externalities and Immigration 06:00 Cross-Country Income Disparities 08:45 Population Decline and Economic Implications 12:06 Fiscal Sustainability and Government Spending 14:49 US Hegemony and Global Economics 18:11 Smart Fractions and Innovation 21:10 The Role of Elites in Democracy 23:59 Cultural Transplants and Immigration Policy 27:11 Democracy and Ethnic Diversity 29:57 The Influence of the EU on Eastern Europe 32:46 Leadership and Collaboration 35:56 The Future of Democracy 39:03 Recommended Thinkers and Closing Thoughts