Dr. Michael Osterholm unpacks the history of H5N1, as we struggle with the question of whether the current H5N1 outbreak may pose a grave threat of a human-to-human pandemic. "It’s possible that H5N1 may never get over the bar for human disease and we don’t know why.” He also speaks to what we are likely to face in the months ahead from the mpox clade 1b outbreak, centered in Africa.