This episode highlights the new benefits, risks and impacts on operations that artificial intelligence is bringing to the transportation industry. Reed Smith transportation industry lawyers Han Deng and Oliver Beiersdorf explain how AI can improve sustainability in shipping and aviation by optimizing routes and reducing fuel consumption. They emphasize AI’s potential contributions from a safety standpoint as well, but they remain wary of risks from cyberattacks, inaccurate data outputs and other threats. ----more---- Transcript: Intro: Hello and welcome to Tech Law Talks, a podcast brought to you by Reed Smith's Emerging Technologies Group. In each episode of this podcast, we will discuss cutting-edge issues on technology, data, and the law. We will provide practical observations on a wide variety of technology and data topics to give you quick and actionable tips to address the issues you are dealing with every day.  Han: Hello, everyone. Welcome to our new series on AI. Over the coming months, we will explore the key challenges and opportunities within the rapidly evolving AI landscape. Today, my colleague Oliver and I will focus on AI in shipping and aviation. My name is Han Deng, a partner in the transportation industry group in New York, focusing on the shipping industry. So AI and machine learning have the potential to transform the transportation industry. What do you think about that, Oliver?  Oliver: Thanks, Han, and it's great to join you. My name is Oliver Beiersdorf. I'm a partner in our transportation industry group here at Reed Smith, and it's a pleasure to be here. I'm going to focus a little bit on the aviation sector. And in aviation, AI is really contributing to a wide spectrum of value opportunities, including enhancing efficiency, as well as safety-critical applications. But we're still in the early stages. The full potential of AI within the aviation sector is far from being harnessed. For instance, there's huge potential for use in areas which will reduce human workload or increase human capabilities in very complex scenarios in aviation.  Han: Yeah, and there's similar potential within the shipping industry with platforms designed to enhance collision avoidance, route optimization, and sustainability efforts. In fact, AI is predicted to contribute $2.5 trillion to the global economy by 2030.  Oliver: Yeah, that is a lot of money, and it may even be more than that. But with that economic potential, of course, also comes substantial risks. And AI users and operators and industries now getting into using AI have to take preventative steps to avoid cyber security attacks. Inaccurate data outputs, and other threats.  Han: Yeah, and at Reed Smith, we help our clients to understand how AI may affect their operations, as well as how AI may be utilized to maximize potential while avoiding its pitfalls and legal risks. During this seminar, we will highlight elements within the transportation industry that stand to benefit significantly from AI.  Oliver: Yeah, so a couple of topics that we want to discuss here in the next section, and there's really three of them which overlap between shipping and aviation in terms of the use of AI. And those topics are sustainability, safety, and business efficiency with the use of AI. In terms of sustainability, across both sectors, AI can help with route optimization, which saves on fuel and thus enhances sustainability.  Han: AI can make a significant difference in sustainability across the whole of the transportation industry by decreasing emissions. For example, within the shipping sector, emerging tech companies are developing systems that can directly link the information generated about direction and speed to a ship's propulsion system for autonomous regulation. AI also has the potential to create optimized routes using sensors that track and analyze real-time and variable factors such as wind speed and current. AI can determine both the ideal route and speed f