Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! In today's episode, we're focusing on one of the most highly-tested topics on the bar exam: Negligence. In particular, we're talking about the different ways in which factual causation can be proved. In this episode, we discuss: Review of the elements of negligence What is factual causation and the five tests that are used to prove it Analyzing two hypos from previous California bar exams Resources: "Listen and Learn" series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn) California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2019 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/Feb2019_CBX_SelectedAnswers.EssayQuestions_R.pdf) California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2017 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/Jul2017_CBXSelectedAnswers_EssayQuestions1-5.pdf) Summers v. Tice (https://casetext.com/case/summers-v-tice) Sindell v. Abbott Laboratories (https://wiki.harvard.edu/confluence/display/GNME/Sindell+v.+Abbott+Laboratories) Podcast Episode 186: Listen and Learn – Negligence: Proximate Cause (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-186-listen-and-learn-negligence-proximate-cause/) Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-247-listen-and-learn-negligence-factual-causation/) If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)! Thanks for listening! Alison & Lee