This month, we delve into the unsettling evolution of 'incel' philosophy with Dr. Filipa Melo Lopes, a respected lecturer of Sociology and Political Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh. Filipa grew up in Portugal and received her B.A. from Simon Fraser University, in Canada. She completed her PhD at the University of Michigan and joined the University of Edinburgh as a lecturer in 2019. Filipa’s areas of research include feminist philosophy, social theory, sexual ethics and the work of French philosopher, Simone de Beauvoir.  'Incel’, short for 'involuntary celibate', refers to an online subculture of predominantly men, who desire a romantic or sexual female partner but claim to be unable to find one. Their vitriolic language in online forums has fuelled a series of violent acts against women in recent years, including the 2014 shooting carried out by Elliott Rodger in Isla Vista, California. In this episode, we chat with Filipa about how she came to study incel ideology and what fascinates her about its portrayal of modern masculinity. We explore Filipa’s in-depth analysis of Elliot Rodger’s misogynistic manifesto, Kristen Roupenian’s sensational piece Cat Person, modern misogyny and how lives in digital spaces, critical compassion for ‘difficult’ groups, processes of ‘othering’, victimisation and male fragility, and more! References:  My Twisted World: The Story of Elliot Rodger 'Half victim, half accomplice’ : Cat Person and Narcissism (2021) Incel violence and Beauvoirian otherness (2023) Cat Person -Kristen Roupenian (2017) The Second Sex- Simone de Beauvoir Filipa Melo Lopes' Website