We know that overfishing is the primary cause of global shark and ray declines. But, shark fisheries provide income and subsistence for many coastal communities. Inevitably, any regulation or conservation measure involving these fisheries must be culturally, socially and politically appropriate in order to be accepted, and to achieve this we need to work with and understand the people they will affect. Equally, there are many gaps in our knowledge relating to sharks and rays, including in their distribution, status and how they are traded. SOSF project leaders and marine scientists Alifa Haque and Nadia Rubio specialise in integrating local and traditional knowledge with ecological data to gain a bigger picture on what is happening to endangered species of shark and ray, and have gained a solid understanding of what limits the capacity and willingness of fishers to engage in conservation initiatives and policies. Host Isla sat down with them to discuss their work with fishers in the field, and how they are slowly building shark conservation programmes that work for the community. Follow Alifa: @haque.alifa (instagram), @alifa_haque (twitter) Follow Nadia: @nadsocean (instagram), @MarSustenable (twitter) Find the shownotes for this episode, and all previous episodes, here: www.saveourseas.com/worldofsharks/thewholetooth