Transcript: For stars that begin their lives in the range of a tenth times the mass of the Sun to a few times the mass of the Sun the temperature in the core will never be sufficient to create elements beyond carbon in the periodic table. Eventually the fuel supply is exhausted, and without pressure support the core of these stars must collapse and produce the state of an exceptionally dense star called a white dwarf. The temperature of white dwarfs ranges mostly from 10 to 20 thousand Kelvin, although they can be found as hot as 100 thousand Kelvin. This large amount of energy storage in a small area means that the cooling times of white dwarfs are exceptionally long. The oldest white dwarfs in the universe have only cooled to about 4,000 Kelvin and have luminosities less than a ten thousandth of the Sun’s luminosity, taking 10 billion years to do so. Trillions of years from now these ember stars will still be slowly cooling.