Transcript: Miss Marbles, Agatha Christie’s fictional detective hero once said, “A coincidence is always worth noticing. You can always discard it later if it proves to be only a coincidence.” What are we to make of the coincidences that exist in nature, by which we mean not any coincidence but coincidences of physical constants or fundamental properties of matter that seem to be conducive to the creation of chemistry, biology, and life itself? It’s hard to know what to do with this information. Perhaps the first anthropic argument was provided by Sir Fred Hoyle, a famous cosmologist, when over fifty years ago he realized that the particular level of an energy transition in the carbon atom facilitated the creation of carbon in massive stars. If this energy level were slightly different, by less than a percent, carbon could not be created in the standard cycle in massive stars. Carbon could not exist, and so biology could not exist as we understand it. Is this a coincidence? How are we supposed to interpret this very specific property of nature that makes the universe conducive to life?