At a 2021 climate conference, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said, "No nation can find lasting security without addressing the climate crisis." That sentiment reflects the Pentagon's three-decade evolution on climate change. Ali Rogin sat down with Sherri Goodman, a former Pentagon official who chronicles that transformation in her new book, "Threat Multiplier." PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

The Nobel Prize in chemistry went to three scientists for groundbreaking work using artificial intelligence to advance biomedical and protein research. AlphaFold uses databases of protein structures and sequences to predict and even design protein structures. It speeds up a months or years-long process to mere hours or minutes. Amna Nawaz discussed more with one of the winners, Demis Hassabis. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Hurricane Helene made landfall in Florida but towns hundreds of miles from the coast have seen some of the worst destruction. Communities once considered 'climate havens' are facing a harsh reality, there may be no such thing. William Brangham discussed the impacts of a warming world and what individuals and communities can do with Alex Steffen, writer of the newsletter, "The Snap Forward." PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

The kind of deep-sea mining that we've examined this week is only legally permitted inside a country's territorial waters. The only country on earth to allow it so far is Papua New Guinea. Videographer Edward Kiernan and special correspondent Willem Marx report on how difficult it is for the impoverished Pacific nation to monitor deep-sea mining activities. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

The companies that create technology used on a daily basis often run into traditional cultures and the environment that sustains them. In a previous report, videographer Edward Kiernan and special correspondent Willem Marx introduced us to the new and potentially lucrative industry of deep-sea mining. They return to Papua New Guinea and report on locals fighting to save a vanishing way of life. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Mankind has mined the earth's surface for thousands of years. Now there's a furious race to find even more metal that will enable the world's energy transition away from fossil fuels. In Papua New Guinea, one company is digging what may become the world's first operational deep-sea mining site. Videographer Edward Kiernan and special correspondent Willem Marx report. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

A four-person crew of civilians launched Tuesday morning on a private Space-X rocket for a five-day mission to include the first commercial spacewalk in history. NASA has big plans to send people to the Moon and Mars, but a sweeping new report from the National Academies of Sciences raises questions about the agency. Science Correspondent Miles O'Brien reports. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Wisconsin is coming back from its worst drought in decades. Along with unusually high temperatures, it's affected wildlife in and around the state's rivers. While spring rains ended the drought, recovery in some places has been slow. PBS Wisconsin's Nathan Denzin reports on one species that's been hit particularly hard. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

In Southern California's Tijuana River Estuary, a blind scientist is leading a tour that encourages visitors to experience nature a little differently. He introduces visitors to the native plants with an emphasis on the other four senses besides sight. This story was produced by Kori Suzuki and Carolyn Cor-Ellis of KPBS. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

NASA's initial launch with the Boeing Starliner capsule has not worked out well. The space agency announced this weekend it has finally decided the two astronauts stuck at the International Space Station will come back on a SpaceX Dragon capsule next year. The pair were initially sent on an eight-day mission in early June. Amna Nawaz discussed the latest with science correspondent Miles O'Brien. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Rising waters due to climate change and erosion are diminishing the landmass of Tangier Island, Virginia, a tiny speck of land in the Chesapeake Bay, and threatening a centuries-old culture fostered by the island's isolation. PBS News Student Reporting Labs' Sabrina Tomei reports on how the community is trying to restore their land and preserve their history and traditions. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

From defunct satellites to rocket parts, debris from everything humans have launched into space since the 1950s is orbiting the Earth. That space junk is threatening our technology, both up there and down here. Marcus Holzinger, a professor of aerospace engineering at University of Colorado Boulder, joins Laura Barrón-López to discuss what's at stake. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Scientists say much of the persistent and dangerous heat blanketing wide swaths of the country is a long-term result of greenhouse gas emissions. Climate scientist Kristina Dahl joins John Yang to discuss how it's affecting everything from the power grid to trains, planes and automobiles. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Among greenhouse gases, methane is more harmful than carbon dioxide in terms of trapping heat. According to the United Nations, about 32 percent of human-caused methane emissions comes from livestock. Ali Rogin speaks with Ben Lilliston at the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy to learn more about Denmark's new and controversial approach to reducing these emissions. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

As hurricanes grow stronger and more common due to climate change, they raise new threats for island nations -- not just to infrastructure, but also to artifacts and documents that help define cultures. Now, two island nations in the Atlantic and the Pacific are taking steps to preserve their threatened histories for future generations. Ali Rogin reports. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Fewer than 300 human beings have visited the International Space Station, and an even smaller number have spent more than 150 days living there. John Yang speaks with Cady Coleman, one of those select few astronauts, about her new book, 'Sharing Space: An Astronaut's Guide to Mission, Wonder, and Making Change.' PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Google announced this week it is well behind on a pledge to all but eliminate its net carbon emissions by 2030. The company's greenhouse gas outflow has increased in recent years mainly due to artificial intelligence and the energy required to power it. The AI arms race has experts worried about its climate consequences for energy and water. Economics correspondent Paul Solman reports. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

A major issue in Britain's general election is the cost of living crisis, caused by spiking inflation following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. That has put pressure on the country's pledge, written into law, to become carbon neutral by 2050. Fred de Sam Lazaro reports from Aberdeen, Scotland, in partnership with the Pulitzer Center. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

In the past two decades, the oyster population in Mississippi's Gulf waters has been devastated by both natural and manmade disasters. Among those working to restore oyster habitats is ninth grader Demi Johnson, who was recently recognized by the National Geographic Society for growing more than 1,000 oysters, which are likely to spawn millions more. John Yang speaks with Johnson about her work. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

The rise of artificial intelligence is requiring faster and bigger computations for even simple tasks compared to, say, a Google search. It's adding to the demand for more internet data centers, but these facilities come at a big environmental cost, especially for the communities that host them. Science journalist Sachi Kitajima Mulkey joins Ali Rogin to discuss. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

In our news wrap Saturday, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu called Biden's proposal to end the war in Gaza a "nonstarter" until Israel's conditions are met, a barrage of Russian missiles and drones targeted Ukraine's power grid, South Africa's ANC party lost its majority in parliament for the first time in 30 years, and another attempt to launch Boeing's first astronaut flight was called off. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Nearly 115,000 people are currently waiting for a new organ. But the shortage crisis is nothing new, as 5,600 people die each year waiting for an organ. Ali Rogin spoke with Barry Friedman, the former executive director of the AdventHealth Transplant Institute, about what can be done to revamp the nation's organ donation and transplant process. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

As the planet warms and sea levels rise, eighty-five percent of Generation Z is concerned about climate change, according to a January Marist poll. In response, states like California, Connecticut and New Jersey are teaching kids about climate change in the classroom. Lauren Madden, a professor of elementary science education at the College of New Jersey, joins Laura Barrón-López to discuss. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

The outbreak of bird flu in the U.S. has alarmed researchers and prompted new efforts to track the virus that's already killed millions of birds from Europe to Antarctica. As H5N1 continues to jump into mammals, many scientists are concerned that we're not watching closely enough as this virus spreads. William Brangham reports. A warning: This story contains scenes of animals in distress. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders