The Second Triumvirate, established in 43 BCE, marked a pivotal moment in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Comprised of Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus, this political alliance was forged in the wake of Julius Caesar’s assassination in 44 BCE.

The assassination of Julius Caesar on the Ides of March (March 15) in 44 BCE stands as one of the most significant and dramatic moments in Roman history.