In this episode of PING, APNIC's Chief Scientist Geoff Huston discusses the current situation in BGP across IPv4 and IPv6. Historically. we've met the "running out of memory" problem with incremental upgrades but things have now come to a place where "simply adding more memory" may not be the answer, and the dynamics of BGP growth appear to have changed. Geoff explores the changing surface of the BGP default-free zone, and what it means for routing technology and the ISPRead more about the APNIC Labs analysis of BGP on the APNIC Blog:* BGP in 2022 - The Routing Table (bgp-in-2022-the-routing-table/)* BGP in 2022 - BGP Updates (https://blog.apnic.net/2023/01/11/bgp-in-2022-bgp-updates/)* IP Addressing through 2022 (https://blog.apnic.net/2023/01/23/ip-addressing-through-2022/)And for Geoff's continuing measurement of BGP see bgp.potaroo.net (https://bgp.potaroo.net/) for his daily updated history of BGP from 1994.The views expressed by the featured speakers are their own and do not necessarily reflect the views of APNIC.