In this episode Elliot sits down with James Waterson, author of "The Knights of Islam: The Wars of the Mamluks." James provides an in-depth look into the history of the Mamluk Sultanate, with a special focus on the reign of Sultan Baybars.  Baybars, who ruled from 1260 to 1277, was one of the most powerful and influential Mamluk sultans. He led the Mamluks to victory against the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut, a significant turning point in the region's history. James delves into Baybars' military strategies, and the ways in which he left a lasting impact on the region.  He also discusses the conflicts and wars that defined Baybars' reign, including the ongoing struggle against the Crusaders.  Listen in for a captivating conversation that will give you a new understanding of the complexities of the Mamluk era and the powerful leader who shaped it. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices