In my most recent episode, I am joined by top motivation science speaker, author, and associate professor of psychology at NYU, Dr. Emily Balcetis. Emily has over 70 published scientific pieces of writing, her fantastic work has been featured by numerous publications and outlets such as Forbes, Newsweek, Time, and more. She has been a featured speaker of TEDxTalks, various media outlets, podcasts, universities, community organizations, and corporations. Over the course of 20 years, Emily has become one of the most sought-after voices on motivation science.  Most recently, Emily has written and published a fantastic, insightful book, “Clearer, Closer, Better: How Successful People See the World.” Bill and Emily discuss concepts, practices, and ideas found in her new book.  Here are a few takeaways:  The psychology and science of motivation  How to set goals, follow through, and achieve them  What is visual experience and how can it help?  Multitasking and task-switching  Growing your toolbox to get the job done   As a CIO and Business IT Leader here are More wins you will get by listening: (1:50) Bill: “Everybody listening her has goals and things they’re trying to achieve and so I think as we go along there’s more science and more research than 20 years ago.”  (3:30) Emily: “The origins of psychology and motivation science from those studies of how frequently we should give little food pellets to pigeons is really the basis for some of the most pressing questions that we’re grappling with today as scientists.”  (4:30) Emily: “People have thought vision is special, they think it’s the one sense that cannot be influenced by what we’re thinking, by our internal world. I disagree. Our visual experiences that we’re consciously aware of, that we recognize, are not the same and we don’t go about it in the same way.”  (5:30) Emily: “If we are aware of that, we can harness that as a superpower that we have to help us better meet our goals, or to understand why we’re struggling in the first place.”  (6:30) Emily: “Mental representation, that is one aspect of visual experience, the image that comes to your mind when you think about a concept. We also study other elements of visual experience like where I orient visual attention. Do I really pay attention to everything that’s there or just a subset of what my eyes are focusing on?”  (7:00) Emily: “We study all of that in a controlled sense. Here’s a finish line for example, it’s in the same place for everyone but we don’t see distance the same way. It will look farther to you than me, or vice versa, depending on other factors we throw into that calculation.”  (15:30) Emily: “The way we think about time is what stands in our way of doing our best work and meeting our goals, especially when it comes to something that might need our daily investment or continual investment for something that won’t reap results until a far off future.”  (16:00) Emily: “When people feel like something is far away, it is challenging to make that daily sacrifice, and so oftentimes they don’t do it or they think they’ll work on it tomorrow.”  (16:30) Emily: “If we take that idea of narrowed focus of attention and apply it not so much to literally what our eyes are focused on in our environment but cognitively what am I focusing my thoughts on, my visualizations right now.”  (18:30) Emily: “Why do people give up? Why do they throw in the towel? Why do they not go out to exercise in the first place? Their beliefs about that distance demotivates them from even trying in the first place.”  (20:30) Emily: “Time is an element that can stand in our way, and what can we do to contract time when time is the problem.”  (22:30) Emily: “With visual experience, there’s a direct connection between what we see and what we do. And a lot of the times