Cities are phenomenally complex, living spaces that can generate an overwhelming amount of data, so collecting, managing and using that data is also phenomenally complex. There are huge pitfalls to avoid, privacy being the obvious one, and misuse by private entities another. Data is an incredibly valuable tool though, especially as we look to manage massive increases in electricity use. The “Smart City” is a concept that John Lorinc has covered in his book “Dream States: Smart Cities, Technology, and the Pursuit of Urban Utopias” and he joins the show to tell us how smart cities are operating in the real world, what’s gone wrong, and what technology we desperately need to transition to a green economy.