This episode of the Critical Oxygen podcast explores the adaptation of mitochondria to exercise. I am joined by Dr. Robert Jacobs where we discuss topics such as the variability in measurements, challenges of wet lab work, dispelling the myth of mitochondrial biogenesis, different populations of mitochondria, hypertrophy of slow twitch fibers, the role of AI in education, and the importance of search engine optimization in research. This conversation explores the remodeling and functional changes that occur in mitochondria in response to exercise. It discusses how mitochondria adapt by adding folds (cristae) and forming super complexes to improve efficiency and electron transfer. Primary paper of discussion - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26440213/ TAKEAWAYS 1) Mitochondria adapt to fit the energetic needs of muscle cells, forming a network of reticular channels throughout the muscle. 2) There is variability in measurements such as heart rate and lactate, which should be considered when interpreting results - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36866970/ 3) Mitochondrial biogenesis is a myth, as mitochondria actually expand and build upon existing networks to meet energy demands. 4) Mitochondria remodel and undergo functional changes in response to exercise, adding folds and forming super complexes to improve efficiency and electron transfer. 5) Temperature plays a role in mitochondrial adaptations, with mitochondria potentially getting 10-15 degrees hotter than the surrounding cell. 6) Exercise intensity affects mitochondrial adaptations, with high-intensity exercise preferentially increasing mitochondrial function and low-intensity exercise promoting mitochondrial volume. Enjoy! Enjoying these podcasts? Don't forget to subscribe to get notified when new episodes are released. If you have a question or topic you want us to address, leave a comment! Follow Phil on Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/criticalo2 Interested in testing, courses, or other long form content check out the critical oxygen website - https://www.criticaloxygen.com OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction to Mitochondria and Muscle Fiber Adaptation 06:14 Variability in Measurements 10:55 Challenges of Wet Lab Work 14:09 Dispelling the Myth of Mitochondrial Biogenesis 26:12 Mitochondrial Adaptation to Exercise 34:07 Different Populations of Mitochondria 36:03 Hypertrophy of Slow Twitch Fibers 46:17 The Role of AI in Education 49:15 The Importance of Search Engine Optimization in Research 50:40 Remodeling and Functional Changes in Mitochondria 57:19 Continual Functional Changes and Expansion 59:16 Mitochondrial Heat Dissipation 01:05:48 Effects of Exercise Intensity on Mitochondrial Adaptations 01:08:41 The Influence of Temperature on Fatigue and Adaptation 01:09:40 Homeostatic Perturbations that Stimulate Adaptation 01:11:31 Closing Remarks