Let’s discuss the sheets of connective tissue in the abdominal cavity, aka the peritoneum. Let’s explore how the folds of this membrane are called different things depending on how many folds there are, & how these folds form spaces……that us anatomists also name. In addition to the terminology, let's discuss the functions & clinical relevance of all these membranes, to justify knowing them. Terms covered this week: The peritoneum & the parietal & visceral iterations of this....

In this episode lend me your ears, to understand your eyes. Let’s cover some basic ophthalmic anatomy in a whistle-stop tour of the anatomy of the eye. Terms covered this week include the cornea, conjunctiva & sclera.  The iris, pupil, ciliary muscles, suspensory ligaments & the lens. The retina including its rod and cone cells. Finally, the aqueous and vitreous humours fill in the gaps. 

Following the Meninges podcast, this soundbite is dedicated to the anatomy of bleeds inside the skull.  Terms covered this week include the cerebral arteries & subarachnoid haemorrhages. Cerebral bridging veins & subdural haemorrhages. Meningeal arteries & extra/epidural haemorrhages.   

In this episode, we discuss the three connective tissue layers that surround the brain & spinal cord.  Terms covered this week are the dura mater, the arachnoid mater & pia mater. The leptomeninges & subarachnoid space. We also discuss meningitis.

Muscles & movements of the hip joint in 5 minutes or less! This is a challenge, but here we aim to provide a broad overview of the hip muscles, the movements of these muscles & their innervation. Terms covered this week: The movements of the hip, flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and internal & external rotation. The muscles of the hip: iliacus, psoas major & rectus femoris. Sartorius & pectineus. Gluteus maximus & the hamstrings. Gluteus medius & gluteus...

Completing our hernia series, in this episode Sam covers the anatomy of a hiatus hernia. What is it, how does it occur, what are its consequences and how do you treat them?  Terms covered this week are hiatus hernias (and their types). The oesophageal hiatus of the diaphragm, the oesophageal smooth and striated muscles. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD).   

In this episode let's prise out the anatomy of femoral hernias. What are they, where are they, and how do they differ from last week's topic of inguinal hernias?  The main terms covered this week are femoral hernias and the femoral canal. The femoral arteries, nerves & veins. The fascia lata of the lower limb and its saphenous opening. 

This week let's explore the muscular canal found in the anterior wall of the lower abdomen, the inguinal canal. During our exploration let's apply this anatomy to a common medical condition, inguinal hernias. How do inguinal hernias occur & what is the difference between a direct & an indirect hernia?  This week's terms are the anterolateral abdominal muscles (External & internal oblique muscles & the transversus abdominis muscle). The inguinal ligmanet & the deep &...

This week let's re-enter the nasal cavity & focus our attention on its blood supply. Why does the nose have such a significant blood supply? What vessels contribute to it? And what happens when it breaks?  The terms covered this week are Little's area or Kiesselbach's plexus & Woodruff's plexus. The blood vessels with the mnemonic L.E.G.S, Labial (Superior), Ethmoids (anterior & posterior), Greater palatine & Sphenopalatine arteries.   

This week we explore the primary muscle of respiration that separates the thoracic & abdominal cavities. A muscle that was historically thought of as being the seat of the soul. In this podcast, we will dissect out the diaphragm's form, function, innervation, & blood supply. Whilst also explaining the origin of some of the terms we use to describe diaphragm-related structures. The terms mentioned this week are the diaphragm and phrenic nerves. Costophrenic and costodiaphragmatic...

In this 5-minute soundbite, we will cover the very basics of the tube that connects your nose, mouth and aerodigestive tracts. Location, subparts, composition, function and dysfunction. We will also cover sensory and motor innervation.  Terms covered this week; The pharynx and its subparts. Nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx (or hypopharynx). The constrictor muscles and mucosa. The vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. 

This week we cover the nerves of the hand. The major motor components & the sensory distribution of each of the nerves that meander into the distal extremity of the upper limb.  Terms covered in this episode are the median, radial & ulnar nerves. The flexor retinaculum. The thenar eminence & the lumbricals. 

Adorning the top of your spine are two unique vertebrae. Arguably the most important of the lot. Your Atlas & Axis or C1 & C2. In this episode, we explore greek inspired etymology, vertebral osteology & investigate why exactly cervical spinal injuries are so dangerous. By the end of this episode, you should be able to look through the 33 spinal bones all jumbled up & easily pick these two from the bunch.  Terms covered this week; Atlas & axis. Spinous & transverse...

A fascinating topic this week, the pineal gland. The neuroendocrine structure that releases melatonin and helps regulate sleep cycles. Also, a structure that throughout history people have tried to assign all sorts of unusual functions. Join us this week as we try to unravel fact from fiction whilst covering location, function, and a smidge of clinical relevance. Terms covered this week are the pineal gland, melatonin, pineal or parietal eye. Circadian rhythm, diurnal & sleep hygiene.  

In this episode let’s take a glance at some of the trickiest bones to identify, the bones of the carpus or wrist. More commonly known as the carpal bones. Terms covered this week. The wrist movements of flexion, extension, ulnar & radial deviation. The carpal bones; trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, pisiform, triquetrum, lunate & scaphoid. The anatomical snuff box & avascular necrosis.

When it comes to the heart and its blood supply the coronary arteries take most of the limelight. But where does the deoxygenated blood go after supplying the muscle of the heart? How does it return to the circulatory system? In short, it travels through the cardiac veins our focus for this week's podcast. Names, locations and their anatomy.  Terms covered this week; The great, the middle and the small cardiac veins. The coronary sinus.

This week let's take a first pass at covering some brainstem anatomy. Let's discuss the three subsections, the broad functions these have, and point out some of the fascinating features this vital area of the brain houses. Terms covered this week, The midbrain, the pons and the medulla oblongata. The cerebral and cerebellar peduncles. The corpora quadragemina, which itself is made up of the superior and inferior colliculi. The red nucleus, the substantia nigra and the reticular formation. The...

Today let’s discuss the membranous layers of tissue that house and protect the heart. What they are, where they are, function, innervation, importance, and a smidge of clinical relevance to finish.   Terms covered this week. Layers of the heart; endocardium, myocardium & epicardium. The two layers of the pericardium; the serous pericardium (itself divided into visceral & parietal) & the fibrous pericardium. The pericardial cavity. Phrenic nerves & cardiac tamponade.

In this episode let’s take a bite out of some dental anatomy, by covering the basics of the tooth. Let’s uncover some details of the organic living rocks that inhabit our jaws, made up of four tissue types with a rich neurovascular supply. Terms discussed in today’s episode are gingiva, the crown & the root of a tooth. The four tissues are enamel, cementum, dentin & pulp. The gomphosis joint is formed by the periodontal ligaments & finishing off we discuss the neurovascular supply...

The tissue and muscle of the heart need a good blood supply. Enter the coronary arteries. A left and a right but also some other major branches to know about. Terms, or arteries covered this week; The aorta. The right coronary artery & the posterior descending artery (PDA). The left coronary artery, circumflex artery & anterior interventricular artery aka left anterior descending artery (LAD).

In this episode, we explore the osteology of the shoulder. The bones, joints & mobility vs stability. Terms covered in this episode; The bones of the humerus, clavicle and scapular. The articulations of the glenohumeral joint, the acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint. Finally the bony projections of the coracoid process, the acromion and the spine of the scapular. 

A neuroanatomical review of the thalamus. What is it, where is it, what does it do, what happens when it gets damaged, that sort of thing.    

Definitions, locations, anatomical associations, innervations and in fact most of the 'ations' involving the perineum. NB This is NOT to be confused with the term peroneal which is all things related to the fibula and calf of the leg.  Terms covered this week; Perineum, pelvic floor & pelvic diaphragm. Perineal membrane, perineal body & urogenital triangle. Superficial & deep perineal pouches. Pudendal nerves, arteries & veins.  

Building on a previous episode that discussed the mandible, in this soundbite we cover the muscles that act upon the lower jaw to chew, the muscles of mastication. Terms covered this week are four muscles: the temporalis, the masseter and the medial & lateral pterygoids. Some bony anatomy in the sphenoid bone, the pterygoid plates, the zygomatic arch and the coronoid process of the mandible. Finally, the nerve that controls them all. The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3).

In this episode, we review the anatomy of the thoracic apertures. What are they, where are they and what are the main structures that pass through their openings? Terms covered this week; Superior and inferior thoracic apertures. The thoracic inlet and outlet (confusingly the same thing). Finally the well-documented clinical condition of thoracic outlet syndrome.