🎙️In this episode, Bruce speaks to Professors John and Emmanuel about resource constraints regarding Africa-wide surgery (focusing on safe anaesthesia), climate adaptation, pandemic preparedness and, so much more! 🎙️To comment on the book please visit https://asos.org.za/index.php/book. Emmanuel Malabo Makasa is an Adjunct Professor of Global Surgery, a Public Health Epidemiologist and an Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgeon. He is the founding director  of the Southern Africa Development Community’s University of Witwatersrand based Regional hub and collaboration Centre for Surgical Healthcare Improvement (WITSSURG) based in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa and its spoke, the Centre for Surgical Hdealthcare Research (CSHR) in the Republic of Zambia. He leads SADC’s technical experts working group on surgical healthcare and he the current Secretary General of the International  Federation of Surgical Colleges (IFSC).  Professor Makasa has extensive experience in global health diplomacy, national surgical health policy formulation and implementation and has worked as a senior health systems manager, as an academician and as a specialist clinician. He has a track record of mobilising and coordinating multiple state and none-state actor stakeholders within the United Nations Systems, the Global Health community, health professional groups and within clinical care around surgical systems improvement. He has presented on and published about safe, equitable and affordable universal access to surgical healthcare. John G. Meara, MD, DMD, MBA is the founder and Director Emeritus of the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change (PGSSC) in the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Professor of Surgery in the Department of Surgery, and the Boston Children’s Hospital Professor of Surgery in the Field of Pediatric Plastic Surgery at Harvard Medical School.  Dr. Meara serves as the Plastic Surgeon-in-Chief of the Department of Plastic & Oral Surgery and the Chair of the Medical Staff Executive Committee at Boston Children's Hospital.  He was Co-Chair of the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery, was a commissioner on the Lancet Global Health Commission on High-Quality Health Systems in the SDG Era, the Lancet Oncology Commission, and the Lancet Commission on Diagnostics [Twitter: @JohnMeara].