Adham Azim, Chair of the Endodontic Department at the University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry dissects the various reasons the success rate of endodontic surgery has shown significant improvement over the past two decades. This Endo Voices episode sews in 3D imaging and the surgical microscope into the discussion on guidelines of guided tissue regeneration (GTR). Dr. Azim brilliantly lays out the rationale like a full thickness flap on the integration of modern GTR clinical approaches. He also unravels the clandestine knowledge of when to place a graft and more specifically the grafting material of choice. The academic energy and passion of Dr. Azim is palpable; his goal to help clinicians make better decisions on when and how GTR should be applied is as clear as a through and through lesion on a scan. This episode cuts deep into the conversation and goes insane in the “membrane”! Episodes of Endo Voices may include opinion, speculation and other statements not verifiable in the scientific method and do not necessarily reflect the views of AAE or the sponsor(s). Listeners should use their best judgment in evaluating the merits of any content. See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.