Doctors sometimes receive this warning: "Prepare to be sued for copyright infringement." They dismiss these warnings, assuming they are scams. Some of these notices are scams. But many others signal real litigious intent. Minor infringement can add up to an expensive and disruptive payment. It is critical doctors understand how to qualify and de-escalate claims of copyright infringement. We spoke with copyright and intellectual property attorney Steve Vondran at length. He understands these domains viscerally.