Hello everyone This is techwise podcast ,I’m Hadeel ,and here we’re or I’m ganna talk about science and Technology, This episode topic is about mars exploration and some of course not all the science and technology that helped explore the red planet.  Roughly every two years Mars and Earth wander a bit closer to each other, making the leap between these two planets a little easier. Since 1960, dozens of missions launched to Mars to learn more about our planetary neighbor Why does Mars have such a hold over us? it’s the tantalizing nature of Mars. Here is a planet that we could conceivably walk on (unlike the gas giants), without being crushed by atmospheric pressure (like on Venus), having to deal with the radiation of being closer to the sun (Mercury) or just being far too far away (like Pluto). It calls to us through science fiction and fact, a planet that is so like our own Earth, but so unlike it at the same time.  -Active missions: Most of The artificial objects on the surface of Mars, consisting of spacecraft which were launched from Earth are defunct after having served their purpose, the Curiosity rover, InSight lander, Perseverance rover, Ingenuity helicopter, and Zhurong rover are all active.     • Curiosity:   Curiosity rover landed on Mars in 2012 with a primary mission to find out if Mars is, or was, suitable for life. Another objective is to learn more about the Red Planet's environment. One thing that makes Curiosity stand out is its sheer size: Curiosity is about the size of a small SUV. Engineers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed the rover to roll over obstacles up to (65 centimeters) high and to travel about (200 m) per day , The rover's power comes from a multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator, which produces electricity from the heat of plutonium-238's radioactive decay. Curiosity has four main science goals: Determine whether life ever arose on Mars, Characterize the climate of Mars, Characterize the geology of Mars, Prepare for human exploration. In support of the science, Curiosity has a suite of instruments on board to better examine the environment: • Cameras that can take pictures of the landscape or of minerals close-up • Spectrometers to better characterize the composition of minerals on the Martian surface,  • Radiation detectors to get a sense of how much radiation bathes the surface, which helps scientists understand if humans can explore there – and if microbes could survive there • Environmental sensors to look at the current weather. This is the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station • An atmospheric sensor that was primarily used during landing.     • InSight: The insight lander is Tasked with peering beneath the Martian surface and mapping the planet’s underworld. The InSight Lander’s three primary instruments, SEISwhich stands for Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure, is a round, dome-shaped instrument that sits on the Martian surface and takes the "pulse" or seismic vibrations of Mars. Its measurements provide a glimpse into the planet’s internal activity. The seismometer waits patiently to sense the pulse, or seismic waves, from marsquakes, and thumps of meteorite impacts. A suite of wind, pressure, temperature, and magnetic field sensors help fine-tune the seismometer's measurements There is the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package or HP3 , Like studying the heat leaving a car engine, it measures the heat coming from Mars' interior to reveal how much heat is flowing out of the body of the planet, and what the source of the heat is.  And finally InSight’s Rotation and Interior Structure Experiment or RISE precisely tracks the location of the lander to determine just how much Mars' North Pole wobbles as it orbits the sun. These observations will provide detailed information on the size of Mars' iron-rich core. They will help determine whether the core is liquid,