For those interested in the extensive written version on which this short talk is based, please contact the author at [email protected] .   From the Freudian conception of psychic bisexuality to the current approaches of transgenderism, the question of gender has knocked at the door of psychoanalysis to account for its articulation in the social context of its time. The different ways that people position themselves in life, confronts us with the challenge of thinking psychoanalytically about gender today. Thus, this episode is entitled “Why and what is gender for?”. Juan Francisco Artaloytia takes up this question. He talks about how and why gender emerged in the history of language and the species, and to what extent gender is still as important as it was in its origins. Link to the paper https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QTbz_6lIbJRrl4N4QBwRwSAWZoP7vlgG/edit?usp=share_link&ouid=112457875385152358388&rtpof=true&sd=true Juan Francisco Artaloytia holds a PhD, is a medical doctor, a psychiatrist and training Psychoanalyst of the Psychoanalytic Association of Madrid. He has been Secretary and Editor in Chief of the Journal of Psychoanalysis of the APM. He is currently Representative for Europe on the Board of the International Psychoanalytic Association. He has published articles and given lectures in national and international media. Freudian metapsychology is his field of reference, and topics of his special interests are psychosis, psychoanalytic training, and issues such as homosexuality and transsexuality. He has just published the book "Una metapsicología freudiana para el siglo XXI" (A Freudian metapsychology for the twenty-first century), which is a recapitulation of his work over the last 15 years.   this episode is available also in Spanish   This Podcast Series, published by the International Psychoanalytical Association, is part of the activities of the IPA Communication Committee and is produced by the IPA Podcast Editorial Team. Head of the Podcast Editorial Team is Gaetano Pellegrini. This episode was produced in collaboration with Ana Maria Martin Solar. Editing and Post-Production: Massimiliano Guerrieri.