Come along on a journey through the corridors of economic history and methodology with our esteemed guest, Bruce Caldwell from the Center for History of Political Economy at Duke University.  Caldwell's personal voyage, from the nuances of economic methodology to his deep dive into Austrian economics, sets the stage for an enthralling discussion on the workings of institutions, transaction costs, and the profound impact of Friedrich Hayek's theories on modern economics. Get ready to unlock the secret meaning behind the unique TIPS acronym within Austrian economics. We follow Hayek's intellectual transition from his focus on business cycles to the intricate challenges of economic calculation and knowledge distribution. The conversation illuminates the value of information in economic decision-making and highlights the importance of markets in reconciling diverse plans and purposes. Discover how Hayek's 1945 paper reshaped economic thinking, extending its influence beyond the Austrian school and into the realms of neoclassical economics. Our exploration culminates with an examination of the very fabric holding our economic systems together – institutions. Delve into the evolution of economic institutions with insights from Doug North's intellectual quest and the relevance of Austrian capital theories in understanding economic flexibility. Links: Bruce Caldwell, Beyond Positivism  https://www.amazon.com/Beyond-Positivism-Bruce-Caldwell/dp/1138834238 Bruce Caldwell and Hansjoerg Klausinger, Hayek: A Life, 1899-1950  https://www.amazon.com/Hayek-Life-1899-1950-Bruce-Caldwell/dp/0226816826/ F.A. Hayek, 1945: The Use of Knowledge in Society, American Economic Review. https://www.econlib.org/library/Essays/hykKnw.html Michael Munger,  "The Socialist Generation Debate" https://www.aier.org/article/the-socialist-generation-debate/ Surge Pricing, NPR.  https://www.vox.com/money/24105250/fast-food-restaurants-dynamic-pricing-algorithm-wendys Hope Center at Duke. https://today.duke.edu/2018/08/duke-center-expands-commitment-history-economics If you have questions or comments, or want to suggest a future topic, email the show at [email protected] ! You can follow Mike Munger on Twitter at @mungowitz