In Episode 158 of the Aerospace Advantage, Affordable Mass: Understanding Next Gen Munitions Requirements, Doug Birkey chats with Mitchell Institute’s Mark Gunzinger and Jim Young of Boeing, who serves as the Executive Director for their Direct Attack portfolio within the Precision Engagement Systems organization. Most DOD air-to-surface munitions were designed for U.S. campaigns of the past 30 years in which its forces confronted lesser regional militaries operating weak air defenses. DOD is now planning for conflicts with peer adversaries. This is why the Air Force is acquiring 5th generation F-35 fighters and B-21 stealth bombers. However, new stealth aircraft are only as effective as the weapons they can deliver. Developing multiple variants of mid-range, stand-in precision guided munitions suitable for operations in contested environments is crucial. These munitions must be affordable to build high-capacity inventories necessary for the scale of peer-on-peer operations. This is a “must do” for the Air Force—it all comes down to getting enough bombs on target.