(Bonus) Throughout the Second Sino-Japanese war (1937–1945), Japanese dissidents and Japanese prisoners of war (POWs) joined the Chinese in the war against the Empire of Japan. An IJNAF A5M fighter pilot who was shot down on 26 September 1937, had along with other captured Japanese combatants, become convinced to join the Chinese side, and helped the Chinese break Japanese tactical codes and other information that provided a huge intelligence windfall for the newly-established cryptanalyst unit headed by Dr. Chang Chao-hsi. The education of Japanese captives by the Eighth Route Army began in 1938. In November 1940 the Peasants' and Workers' School was established. It reeducated Japanese POWs who afterward were involved in propaganda. Sanzo Nosaka, and Kaji Wataru joined the Chinese resistance. They reeducated Japanese POWs. Several organizations emerged during the war. The Anti-War League, the Japanese People's Emancipation League, and a communist league.