Ashes, burnt eggshells, stale toast and chalk. These are just some of the ingredients used to make toothpaste throughout the centuries. And though civilizations have always been concerned with oral hygiene, the methods they used to treat dental problems weren’t always so effective and were often very painful. With the introduction of dental schools in the United States in the 1840s and through the work of pioneering dentists, dentistry became a legitimate medical practice focused more on prevention and repair.  Now, researchers, engineers and business founders are developing new forms of dental treatments and new tools that will hopefully make quality dental care more accessible and affordable and even create truly regenerative and preventative solutions. Hear all about these innovations on this toothsome episode of Trailblazers.  Featuring Mary Otto, Adam Celiz, Swati Nehete, Max Lobovsky and Michel Koo.