Prepare to be enthralled by Chris Miller, the esteemed author of "Chip War," as he joins us to unravel the complexities of AI's impact on the semiconductor industry. We tackle the monumental task of rethinking computing efficiency in the face of supercomputers and data centers that gulp power like never before. Chris illuminates the path ahead, where technological advancement must reconcile with environmental imperatives, addressing the thermal hurdles that come with more powerful chips and the revolutionary changes needed to test these energy behemoths. Venture into the semiconductor saga with us, tracing the arc from the inception of computing to today's digital omnipresence. The vital role of lithography, especially the marvel of Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) technology, comes to the fore as we dissect Intel's early gambles and ASML's exclusive reign in this sphere. It's a tale of triumphs and trials, where the relentless pursuit of progress meets the gradual slowdown of Moore's Law, pushing the industry towards groundbreaking R&D investments and international competitiveness. Our exploration culminates with a striking contrast between the human brain's efficiency and the voracious power appetite of modern AI models. As we peer into the future, we speculate on the promise of biological computing, like DNA-based systems, and how they might disrupt our silicon foundations. The episode concludes by considering how AI advancements, exemplified by the capabilities of large language models such as ChatGPT, could redefine the workforce and bridge the existing skills gap. Join us for this enlightening journey through the evolution and future innovations of the semiconductor industry with the insightful Chris Miller. Thanks for tuning in to "Advantest Talks Semi"! If you enjoyed this episode, we'd love to hear from you! Please take a moment to leave a rating on Apple Podcast. Your feedback helps us improve and reach new listeners. Don't forget to subscribe and share with your friends. We appreciate your support!