Advances in Understanding Bicuspid Aortic Valve Guest: Hector I. Michelena, M.D. Hosts: Patricia A. Pellikka, M.D. The congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect, affecting 1% of the population (2% in men and 0.5% women), with men to women ratio of 2:1 to 3:1, and it is characterized by heterogeneity of phenotypic expression and outcomes.   Topics Discussed: What is bicuspid aortic valve and why is it important? What is meant by saying that it is a...

ICI Myocarditis Guest: Joerg Herrmann, M.D. Hosts: Sharonne Hayes, M.D. At the end of this recording, the listener will have an understanding of the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their cardiovascular side effects, which include myocarditis, heart failure, and acute coronary events. Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of these cardiovascular events will be discussed.   Topics Discussed: What are immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and for which diseases are they used? What...

How Can Genetics Help in the Management of Heart Failure? Guest: Naveen L. Pereira, M.D. Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D. Cardiomyopathy is an important cause of heart failure and can be inherited or have a genetic basis. Identifying a genetic cause for cardiomyopathy not only provides a molecular diagnosis of the disease but holds significant importance in screening family members enabling early identification of disease, providing prognostic information to the patient and increasingly offers...

TRIO Score and Choosing Patients Most Likely to Benefit From Tricuspid Valve Intervention Guest: Sorin V. Pislaru, M.D., Ph.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) is an extraordinarily heterogeneous, highly prevalent valvular heart disease. Given the tremendous variability, individualizing risk in patients with TR to guide appropriate therapy will be explored. Other topics discussed will be the use of TRIO scores, GDMT as a first line in therapy, as well as when to...

Deep-Learning Models for the Prognostication and Localization of Premature Ventricular Contractions Using a 12-Lead Electrocardiogram Guest: Guru G. Kowlgi, M.B.B.S. Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.    In this episode, learners will understand what premature ventricular contractions are. They will learn to differentiate benign rom malignant PVCs, and understand which patients are at risk for PVC-cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, they will gain knowledge about the traditional and novel tools for...

How to Integrate NON-Statin Therapy in Your Practice. Updates from the Latest 2022 LDL-Cholesterol Lowering Guidelines Guest: Regis I. Fernandes, M.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. Since the last ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines in 2018, the FDA has approved new non-statin cholesterol medications, which have increased our ability to provide a broader range of lipid-lowering drugs. In this podcast, we will discuss the new 2022 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on the role of non-statin...

Lifetime Strategy in the Management of Aortic Stenosis Guest: Mackram F. Eleid, M.D. and Kevin L. Greason, M.D. Hosts: Patricia A. Pellikka, M.D. This topic will discuss advances in the treatment of aortic stenosis, particularly with transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Strategies to manage aortic valve disease over a patient’s lifespan will be discussed, including topics of valve in valve, choice of prosthesis type, and commissural alignment.   Topics Discussed: How has treatment of...

Reop Sternotomy - How Many is too Many? Guest: Joseph A. Dearani, M.D. and Elizabeth H. Stephens, M.D., Ph.D. Hosts: Patricia A. Pellikka, M.D. Reoperations are inevitable for many structural heart lesions, and in some cases, it may be multiple reoperations over a lifetime. Current techniques in perioperative imaging and contemporary surgical techniques make cardiac reoperations safe in most circumstances. Lifelong surveillance with a heart team approach of both cardiology and cardiac...

Computerized ECG Interpretations and AI in 2024 Guest: Dr. Ken Grauer Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.    In this episode, we explore the exciting and evolving world of computerized ECG interpretation, including its optimal use, its impact on medical practice, and the evolving role of AI in this field.   Topics Discussed When did you first become interested in Computerized Interpretation of ECGs? Is the Computerized Interpretation of ECGs a "GOOD" or "BAD" thing? How are current developments...

Contemporary Management Strategies in Recurrent Pericarditis Guest: S. Allen Luis, M.B.B.S., Ph.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. To discuss contemporary management strategies in recurrent pericarditis, including indications and limitations of IL-1 receptor blocker therapy. To understand the role of radiac surgical pericardiectomy in the treatment of patients with recurrent pericarditis.   Topics Discussed: What approach do you take in patients presenting with recurrent pericarditis? What...

The Role of Multimodality Imaging for Pericarditis Guest: Prajwal (Praj) Reddy, MD Hosts: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D. Imaging can play a crucial role in diagnosis and management of pericarditis, particularly if recurrent. Echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography (CCT), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) offer complimentary evaluation of pericardial disease in its various presentations. In this podcast, we review the characteristic signs and features on multi-modality imaging in...

Tricuspid Valve Repair (congenital and acquired) Guest: Joseph A. Dearani, M.D. Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D. Tricuspid regurgitation is being recognized with increased frequency in the current era. The etiology ranges from congenital anomalies and acquired diseases. The most common causes are typically functional tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart disease, atrial fibrillation with right heart dilatation, and pacemaker/ICD lead-induced.   Topics Discussed: Most common...

Rhythms of Change: Shaping the Next Wave in Mayo Clinic’s ECG Lab Guest: Abhishek J. Deshmukh, M.B.B.S. Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.    In this episode, we delve into the heart of electrocardiographic innovation with the new leader of Mayo Clinic's ECG lab, Dr. Abhishek Deshmukh. We explore his personal journey in the field, his vision for mentorship and education, and his strategic plans and goals for interdisciplinary collaboration to advance patient care.   Topics Discussed Dr....

Managing Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Guest: Barry A. Borlaug, M.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. Over one-half of patients with heart failure have HFpEF, but historically there have been few treatment options. Recent studies over the past few years have changed this.   Topics Discussed: The traditional approach to treatment of HFpEF What do we have now to offer, and what is the evidence of efficacy and safety? Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing...

Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement in the Cath Lab – The Future is Now Guest: Mayra Guerrero, M.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. To describe transcatheter mitral intervention options available in contemporary practice including repair or replacement, the evaluation process and when to refer a patient.   Topics Discussed: Types of percutaneous transcatheter interventions available for mitral stenosis and/or regurgitation  Patients who should be considered for transcatheter mitral valve...

Ross Procedure (from baby to adult) Guest: Joseph A. Dearani, M.D. Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D. The Ross procedure involves placement of the patient’s pulmonary valve in the aortic position and replacement of the pulmonary valve with a pulmonary homograft.  The Ross procedure has been the operation of choice for aortic valve disease in children. There is increasing evidence in the literature now that it is also becoming the operation of choice in young and middle-aged adults where numerous...

Assessing Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Guest: Barry A. Borlaug, M.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. Over half of people with heart failure have a preserved ejection fraction (ie. HFpEF), but diagnosis is challenging, and the disorder remains severely underrecognized in clinical practice, especially among women and among patients living with obesity.   Topics Discussed: Tests that should be used When a cardiology consultation is needed The gold standard testing that can...

ECG Errors that Lead to Missing Acute Coronary Occlusion Guest: Dr. Ken Grauer Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.    In this episode, we highlight key aspects of 12-lead ECG interpretation, as it relates to the diagnosis of acute ischemia, and especially to acute coronary occlusion. We convey the concept of occlusion myocardial infarction (OMI), emphasizing appreciation of how the STEMI paradigm misses at least 30% of acute coronary occlusions that can be picked up by using the OMI paradigm....

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion or Anticoagulation for Stroke Prevention in A Fib Guest: Mohamad Adnan (Mohamad) Alkhouli, M.D. Hosts: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D. In this podcast, we will discuss LAAO as an emerging method to reduce stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. We will talk about the current advances and the remaining questions in the LAAO space.   Topics Discussed: Atrial fibrillation and blood thinners What is LAAO? LAAO vs. anticoagulation Connect with Mayo Clinic's...

Obesity and Weight Loss in End Stage Heart Failure Guest: Adrian daSilva-deAbreu, M.D., Ph.D.(c), M.Sc. Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D. This podcast discusses emerging concepts in the management of tricuspid regurgitation and novel transcatheter therapies for tricuspid regurgitation.   Topics Discussed: Obesity and advanced heart failure LVAD implantation and outcomes Heart transplant and outcomes Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at...

Clinical Utility of Coronary Calcium Score. A Guide for Practitioners Guest: Regis I. Fernandes, M.D. Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D. The coronary calcium score is becoming a critical risk assessment tool to stratify global ASCVD risk better. The incidental coronary calcium score finding in noncardiac CTs also provides opportunities for risk stratification but challenges in uncharted territory. What is the ideal patient for a coronary calcium score? Who is not a perfect candidate for coronary...

Common Errors in ECG Interpretation – that can Easily Be Corrected Guest: Dr. Ken Grauer Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.    In this episode, we discuss common errors in ECG interpretation amongst even experienced clinicians make — and how many of these errors can be avoided and/or corrected with a few simple steps. The application of the following lessons will help to optimize the accuracy and time-efficiency of your interpretations: (i) paying closer attention to specific aspects of the...

Cardiovascular Disease and Pregnancy - Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Guest: Katie A. Young, M.D. Hosts: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D. Maternal mortality remains higher in the United States compared to other developed countries, and cardiovascular disease is a leading cause. This podcast will focus on peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), highlighting the importance of early recognition and brief discussion of treatment and implications for future pregnancies. Topics Discussed: Peripartum Cardiomyopathy...

Tricuspid Regurgitation: Causes and Management Guest: Mackram F. Eleid, M.D. Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D. This podcast discusses emerging concepts in the management of tricuspid regurgitation and novel transcatheter therapies for tricuspid regurgitation. Topics Discussed:  The various interventional treatment strategies for tricuspid regurgitation The potential benefits of correcting tricuspid regurgitation with transcatheter repair The risks of transcatheter tricuspid regurgitation...