Herbert A. Hauptman pioneered and developed a mathematical method that has changed the entire field of chemistry and opened a new era in research in determination of molecular structures of crystallized materials. He graduated from City College of New York and obtained a master's in mathematics from Columbia in 1939. After World War II, he collaborated with Jerome Karle at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. The combination of mathematics and physical chemistry expertise enabled them to tackle the phase problem of X-ray crystallography. By 1955, Hauptman received his...