Objectives This lecture is designed to provide an overview of the fundamentals of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs), its relationship with AOPs, algorithms to invert IOPs from AOPs, as well as applications of IOPs. Topics Lecture 2: Algorithms to invert IOPs Approach I will give focused lectures along with hands‐on practices. Advanced reading materials will be handed out to broaden knowledge.

Lecture 1: Above‐ et In‐Water Radiometry (Methods et Calibration Requirements) In situ optical radiometric measurements have direct application in the development and assessment of: theoretical models describing extinction of light in seawater; and empirical algorithms linking the seawater apparent optical properties to the optically significant constituents expressed through their inherent optical properties or concentrations. In addition, in situ radiometric data are essential for...

Lecture 2: In Situ Radiometric Products (uncertainty analysis and applications) Data products from in–water radiometric measurements generally include spectral values of: irradiance reflectance, remote sensing reflectance, normalized water–leaving radiance, diffuse attenuation coefficient and the so called Q‐factor. Data products from above–water radiometric measurements are generally restricted to the normalized water–leaving radiance and the remote sensing reflectance. By restricting the...

Lecture 2. In situ Measurements (2). Monday, 1100‐1230 A brief review of the instrument concepts introduced in the first lecture will be followed by a discussion of some new and novel platforms for the measurement of underwater optics. Emphasis will be on autonomous measurement systems: moored platforms, autonomous underwater and surface vehicles, gliders, surface drifters, profiling floats, and animal tags. The lecture will finish with a discussion of two ancient optical measurement devices,...

Lecture 1: Model predictions of the response of ocean physical and biological processes to climate change I will summarize the main physical changes predicted by global warming models for the rest of this century and how we expect those changes to impact both lower trophic and upper trophic level processes in the ocean. I will discuss empirical as well as ecosystem model approaches for predicting the biological response and examine how the model simulations compare with estimates of...

Lecture 1: Model predictions of the response of ocean physical and biological processes to climate change I will summarize the main physical changes predicted by global warming models for the rest of this century and how we expect those changes to impact both lower trophic and upper trophic level processes in the ocean. I will discuss empirical as well as ecosystem model approaches for predicting the biological response and examine how the model simulations compare with estimates of...

This class will focus on retrieving information from the quantum yield of Sun‐induced fluorescence using remote sensing. After reviewing the basic theory behind fluorescence emission in the cell and within the water column, we will examine the recent algorithms proposed to retrieve the quantum yield in open ocean waters. Finally, we will examine different proposed interpretations of the variability in the quantum in the ocean that were developed both from in situ measurements and from remote...

This session on in‐water algorithms will trace the history of the development of algorithmic methods applied to Ocean Colour data starting with the very first algorithms applied to global datasets obtained from the CZCS sensor. We will outline the evolution of algorithm development as our knowledge (and data!) on the optical properties of both open‐ocean and coastal waters have improved over the last three decades. Additionally we will examine the mathematical and statistical approaches...

Objectives This lecture is designed to provide an overview of the fundamentals of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs), its relationship with AOPs, algorithms to invert IOPs from AOPs, as well as applications of IOPs. Topics Lecture 1: Fundamentals of IOPs and IOP‐AOP relationships Approach I will give focused lectures along with hands‐on practices. Advanced reading materials will be handed out to broaden knowledge.

This session on in‐water algorithms will trace the history of the development of algorithmic methods applied to Ocean Colour data starting with the very first algorithms applied to global datasets obtained from the CZCS sensor. We will outline the evolution of algorithm development as our knowledge (and data!) on the optical properties of both open‐ocean and coastal waters have improved over the last three decades. Additionally we will examine the mathematical and statistical approaches...

Lecture 1. Hyperspectral remote sensing of optically shallow waters. I'll give an of overview of the problem, what information people need in shallow waters, and what differences there are with deep water.

Lecture 2. Atmospheric correction for shallow waters. I'll talk about why atmosphere correction for deep case 1 water doesn't work for shallow water, and what techniques are used for shallow waters.

Objectives This lecture is designed to provide an overview of the fundamentals of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs), its relationship with AOPs, algorithms to invert IOPs from AOPs, as well as applications of IOPs. Topics Lecture 3: Applications of IOPs Approach I will give focused lectures along with hands‐on practices. Advanced reading materials will be handed out to broaden knowledge.

Lecture 3. Techniques for inverting spectra: I'll talk about semi‐analytic and spectrum matching techniques for retrieving bathymetry, bottom type, and water IOPs, with the emphasis on bathymetry and error analysis.

Lecture 4. Ecosystem modeling. I'll talk about improvements to ocean ecosystem models when more accurate light calculations are used.

Lecture 5. More Ecosystem modeling. I guess I'll finish up Lecture 4. HydroLight training. 5 lectures and labs. All sorts of things from an overview of the software, to demonstration runs, to students running H on their own computers

Lecture 1. In situ Measurements (1). Saturday, 0900‐1030 h. Starting from a base in the radiative transfer equation, the fundamental measurement of the underwater radiance field will be introduced. Historical observations will be traced through two recent developments. These measurements will be used to introduce (or reintroduce) various integrated radiometric quantities: the planar and scalar irradiances, the average cosines, and reflectances. Variations in the radiance distribution along a...

One of the main questions you will be asked as a remote sensing expert is: how reliable and good is information, which we derive from remotely sensed ocean colour data? Can we trust them? What is the error or uncertainty range of these data? In this section of the IOCCG training course, which consists of 3 lectures and exercises, we will look into this problem. Lectures The first lecture will be dedicated to the sources of uncertainties. We have to consider that our observations are the...

One of the main questions you will be asked as a remote sensing expert is: how reliable and good is information, which we derive from remotely sensed ocean colour data? Can we trust them? What is the error or uncertainty range of these data? In this section of the IOCCG training course, which consists of 3 lectures and exercises, we will look into this problem. Lectures The first lecture will be dedicated to the sources of uncertainties. We have to consider that our observations are the...

Part 1 covers the nature of hyperspectral imaging and the history of the development including airborne systems AVIRIS, PHILLS and the new PRISM, and the spaceborne HICO instrument on the International Space Station (http://hico.coas.oregonstate.edu). Calibration and characterization of the sensors and on‐orbit calibration is also covered. Bibliography Corson, M. and C. O. Davis, 2011, “The Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) provides a new view of the Coastal Ocean from the...

Part 2 covers the algorithms and processing of the data to produce ocean products including atmospheric correction, algorithms for both optically shallow (e.g. coral reefs) and optically deep (e.g. river plume) coastal environments. Example applications using airborne hyperspectral and HICO data are presented. Bibliography Corson, M. and C. O. Davis, 2011, “The Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) provides a new view of the Coastal Ocean from the International Space Station,”...

This lecture will provide an overview of atmospheric correction approaches for remote sensing of water properties for open oceans and coastal waters. Beginning with definitions of some basic parameters for describing ocean and atmosphere properties, the radiative transfer equation (RTE) for ocean‐atmosphere system will be introduced and discussed. Various methods for solving RTE, in particular, the successive‐order‐of‐scattering method will be described. We examine various radiance...

This lecture will provide an overview of atmospheric correction approaches for remote sensing of water properties for open oceans and coastal waters. Beginning with definitions of some basic parameters for describing ocean and atmosphere properties, the radiative transfer equation (RTE) for ocean‐atmosphere system will be introduced and discussed. Various methods for solving RTE, in particular, the successive‐order‐of‐scattering method will be described. We examine various radiance...

The use of ocean colour remote sensing data has increased dramatically over the last ten years, particularly for coastal waters where impacts between the marine environment and human activities may be particularly intense. Many of these coastal waters will be turbid because of high concentrations of suspended particulate matter caused by a variety of processes including high biomass algal blooms, sediment resuspension by wind/tide, river plumes, etc. Within these lectures on “Ocean Colour...

This lecture will provide an overview of atmospheric correction approaches for remote sensing of water properties for open oceans and coastal waters. Beginning with definitions of some basic parameters for describing ocean and atmosphere properties, the radiative transfer equation (RTE) for ocean‐atmosphere system will be introduced and discussed. Various methods for solving RTE, in particular, the successive‐order‐of‐scattering method will be described. We examine various radiance...