One of the world's leading experts in radar astronomy, Irwin I. Shapiro served as director of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics from 1982 to 2004. At the Center, he oversaw the research of a dedicated team of astronomers, studying the evolution of matter from the birth of the universe to the formation of the planets. Born in New York City, Shapiro graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School, earned an undergraduate degree in mathematics at Cornell University, and a master's and Ph.D. in physics at Harvard. Shapiro joined the Lincoln Laboratory of the Massachusetts in...