In 1985, Michael S. Brown, M.D., won the Nobel Prize in Medicine, as well as the Albert Lasker Basic Research Award, the highest honor in American medicine. Dr. Brown, along with his colleague, Dr. Joseph L. Goldstein, was honored discovering the basic mechanisms controlling cholesterol metabolism. His discoveries have opened the way to new treatments for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death and disability in the Western world. Brown and his colleague discovered a protein, called the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, that controls the transfer of cholesterol from...