All episodes of PaperPlayer biorxiv epidemiology

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Factors associated with cholera outbreaks, Nairobi County, July 2017: a case control study

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/719641v1?rss=1 Authors: Mwenda, V., Niyomwungere, A., Oyugi, E., Githuku, J., Obonyo, M., Roka, Z. G. Abstract: BackgroundCholera affects 1.3-4 million people globally and causes 21000-143,000 deaths annually. Nairobi County in Kenya reported cholera cases since April 2017. We investigated to identify associated factors and institute control measures.nnMethodsWe reviewed the line-list of patients admitted at the Kenyatta National...

Published 07/30/19

PaperPlayer biorxiv epidemiology

Published 07/30/19

Infection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato of small mammals in Yunnan Province, China

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/714980v1?rss=1 Authors: He, Z.-h., Jiang, B.-g., Gao, Z.-h., Shao, Z.-t., Zhang, Y., Liu, Z.-x., Li, Y.-q., Pu, E.-n., Tang, L., Yao, M.-g., Jia, N., von Fricken, M. E., Jiang, J.-f., Cao, W.-c., Du, C.-h. Abstract: BackgroundLyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferisensulato (BBSL) which is usually found in wild and domestic mammals worldwide. Human cases of B. burgdorferi infections have been identified in China, but...

Published 07/25/19

Interdependence between confirmed and discarded cases of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses in Brazil: A multivariate time-series analysis

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/708743v1?rss=1 Authors: Oliveira, J. F., Rodrigues, M. S., Skalinski, L. M., Santos, A. E., Costa, L. C., Cardim, L. L., Paixao, E. S., Costa, M. d. C. N., Oliveira, W. K., Barreto, M. L., Teixeira, M. G., Andrade, R. F. S. Abstract: The co-circulation of different arboviruses in the same time and space poses a significant threat to public health given their rapid geographic dispersion and serious health, social, and economic...

Published 07/20/19

Quantifying the roles of vomiting, diarrhea, and residents vs. staff in norovirus transmission in U.S. nursing home outbreaks

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/707356v1?rss=1 Authors: Adams, C., Young, D., Gastanaduy, P. A., Paul, P., Marsh, Z., Hall, A. J., Lopman, B. A. Abstract: The role of individual case characteristics, such as symptoms or demographics, in norovirus transmissibility is poorly understood. Six nursing home norovirus outbreaks occurring in South Carolina, U.S. from 2014 to 2016 were examined. We aimed to quantify the contribution of symptoms and other case...

Published 07/18/19

The structural quality of maternal health services in primary health care facilities in Tanzania: Findings from a baseline study

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/699553v1?rss=1 Authors: Kapologwe, N., Kalolo, A., Isanzu, N. H., Borghi, J., Kibusi, S. M. Abstract: BackgroundStructural quality of maternal health services remains a key indicator of highly performing health care system. Evidence attest to the fact that introduction of the new interventions in the health care system does not necessarily lead into improvement of the target outcome, such as quality of health services delivered....

Published 07/11/19

New genotype invasion of dengue virus serotype 1 drove massive outbreak in Guangzhou, China

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/697052v1?rss=1 Authors: Jing, Q., Wu, S., He, Z., Yuan, L., Ma, M., Bai, Z., Jiang, L., Marshall, J., Lu, J., Yang, Z. Abstract: BackgroundDengue fever is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that has caused major health problems. Variations in dengue virus (DENV) genes are important features of epidemic outbreaks. However, the associations of DENV genes with epidemic scale have not been extensively examined. Here, we assessed new...

Published 07/09/19

The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Poor Self-Rated Health in the Korean Population

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/688994v1?rss=1 Authors: Sung, E.-S., Jeong, J.-A., Choi, C. K., Shin, M.-H. Abstract: ObjectiveSeveral previous studies have evaluated associations between body mass index (BMI) and self-rated health (SRH); however, the results were inconsistent. This study aimed to examine the association between BMI and SRH in Korean adults.nnMethodsThe study was conducted in 214,997 adults who participated in the 2016 Korean Community Health...

Published 07/02/19

Development of equations for converting random-zero to automated oscillometric blood pressure values

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/688895v1?rss=1 Authors: Yan, L., Wen, X., Dyer, A. R., Chen, H., Zhou, L., Elliott, P., Wu, Y., Chan, Q., Zhao, L. Abstract: ObjectiveThis study aimed to collect data to compare blood pressure values between random-zero sphygmomanometers and automated oscillometric devices and generate equations to convert blood pressure values from one device to the other.nnMethodsOmron HEM-907, a widely used automated oscillometric device in...

Published 07/01/19

Seroprevalence of human Brucellosis and associated risk factors among high risk occupations in Mbeya Region of Tanzania

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/688705v1?rss=1 Authors: Sagamiko, F. D., Muma, J. B., Karimuribo, E. D., Mwanza, A. A., Mfune, R. L., Sindato, C., Kavunga, H., Hangombe, B. M. Abstract: BackgroundBrucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease that affects humans, livestock and wildlife.nnMethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Mbeya region between November 2015 and January 2016 to investigate the seroprevalence of human brucellosis and identify...

Published 07/01/19

Fast Klebsiella pneumoniae typing for outbreak reconstruction: an highly discriminatory HRM protocol on wzi capsular gene developed using EasyPrimer tool

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/679001v1?rss=1 Authors: Perini, M., Piazza, A., Panelli, S., Di Carlo, D., Corbella, M., Gona, F., Vailati, F., Marone, P., Cirillo, D. M., Farina, C., Zuccotti, G. V., Comandatore, F. Abstract: In this work we present EasyPrimer, a user-friendly online tool developed to assist pan-PCR and High Resolution Melting (HRM) primer design. The tool finds the most suitable regions for primer design in a gene alignment and returns a...

Published 06/28/19

Temporal and spatial limitations in global surveillance for bat filoviruses and henipaviruses

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/674655v1?rss=1 Authors: Becker, D. J., Crowley, D. E., Washburne, A. D., Plowright, R. K. Abstract: Sampling reservoir hosts over time and space is critical to detect epizootics, predict spillover, and design interventions. However, because sampling is logistically difficult and expensive, researchers rarely perform spatiotemporal sampling of many reservoir hosts. Bats are reservoirs of many virulent zoonotic pathogens such as...

Published 06/28/19

Physical activity and screen time in children who survived cancer - A report from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/680140v1?rss=1 Authors: Schindera, C., Weiss, A., Hagenbuch, N., Otth, M., Diesch, T., von der Weid, N., Kuehni, C. E. Abstract: BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) can reduce the risk of chronic adverse health conditions in childhood cancer survivors. We examined physical activity and sedentary screen time behavior in a nationwide study in Switzerland.nnProceduresThe Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study sent questionnaires to...

Published 06/28/19

Identifying epigenetic biomarkers of established prognostic factors and survival in a clinical cohort of individuals with oropharyngeal cancer

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/679316v1?rss=1 Authors: Langdon, R., Richmond, R., Elliott, H., Dudding, T., Kazmi, N., Penfold, C., Ingarfield, K., Ho, K., Bretherick, A., Haley, C., Zeng, Y., Walker, R. M., Pawlita, M., Waterboer, T., Ring, S., Gaunt, T., Smith, G. D., Suderman, M., Thomas, S., Ness, A., Relton, C. Abstract: Smoking status, alcohol consumption and HPV infection (acquired through sexual activity) are the predominant risk factors for...

Published 06/28/19

Down-regulated GDF9 and BMP15 mRNAs are the important determining factors for the unexplained female infertility cases advised for assisted reproductive technology

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/676882v1?rss=1 Authors: Dutta Gupta, S., Kundu, S., Dhar, B., Das, N., Paul Choudhury, A., Deb, M., Das, A., Das, A., Das, N., Choudhury, B., Varghese, A. C., Kar, K. K., Choudhury, Y., Ghosh, S. K. Abstract: BackgroundIn India, the potential risk factors influencing female infertility are not well-characterized. Hence, this study was initially aimed to determine the multi-factor risk-predictive models for the infertile females...

Published 06/21/19

Estimation of the force of infection and infectious period of skin sores in remote Australian communities using interval-censored data

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/674663v1?rss=1 Authors: Lydeamore, M., Campbell, P. T., Price, D. J., Wu, Y., Marcato, A. J., Cuningham, W., Carapetis, J. R., Andrews, R. M., McDonald, M. I., McVernon, J., Tong, S. Y. C., McCaw, J. M. Abstract: Prevalence of impetigo (skin sores) remains high in remote Australian Aboriginal communities, Fiji, and other areas of socio-economic disadvantage. Skin sore infections, driven primarily in these settings by Group A...

Published 06/21/19

Regression Analysis of Dependent Binary Data for Estimating Disease Etiology from Case-Control Studies

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/672808v1?rss=1 Authors: Wu, Z., Chen, I. Abstract: SO_SCPLOWUMMARYC_SCPLOWOptimal prevention and treatment strategies for a disease of multiple causes must be informed by the population distribution of causes among cases, or cause-specific case fraction (CSCFs) which may further depend on explanatory variables. However, the true causes are often not observed, motivating the use of non-gold-standard diagnostic tests that provide...

Published 06/21/19

Multi-lineage evolution in viral populations driven by host immune systems

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/674887v1?rss=1 Authors: Marchi, J., Lassig, M., Mora, T., Walczak, A. M. Abstract: Viruses evolve in the background of host immune systems that exert selective pressure and drive viral evolutionary trajectories. This interaction leads to different evolutionary patterns in antigenic space. Examples observed in nature include the effectively one-dimensional escape characteristic of influenza A and the prolonged coexistence of...

Published 06/21/19

A Multidimensional Array Representation of State-Transition Model Dynamics

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/670612v1?rss=1 Authors: Krijkamp, E., Alarid-Escudero, F., Enns, E., Pechlivanoglou, P., Hunink, M., Jalal, H. Abstract: Cost-effectiveness analyses often rely on cohort state-transition models (cSTMs). The cohort trace is the primary outcome of cSTMs, which captures the proportion of the cohort in each health state over time (state occupancy). However, the cohort trace is an aggregated measure that does not capture the...

Published 06/21/19

Climate drivers of malaria at its southern fringe in the Americas

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/674572v1?rss=1 Authors: Laneri, K., Cabella, B., Prado, P. I., Coutinho, R. M., Kraenkel, R. A. Abstract: In this work we analyze potential environmental drivers of malaria cases in Northwestern Argentina. We inspect causal links between malaria and climatic variables by means of the convergent cross mapping technique, which provides a causality criterion from the theory of dynamic systems. Analysis is based on 12 years of weekly...

Published 06/21/19

Does Sex Modify an Association of Electrophysiological Substrate with Sudden Cardiac Death? The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/674689v1?rss=1 Authors: Howell, S., German, D., Bender, A., Phan, F., Mukundan, S., Perez-Alday, E., Rogovoy, N., Haq, K., Yang, K., Wirth, A., Jensen, K., Tereshchenko, L. G. Abstract: BackgroundSex is a well-recognized risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Sex differences in electrophysiological (EP) substrate of SCD are known. However, it remains unknown whether sex can modify an association of EP substrate with...

Published 06/21/19

Risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren who participated in a case-control study in urban Uganda

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/677799v1?rss=1 Authors: Mpairwe, H., Namutebi, M., Nkurunungi, G., Tumwesige, P., Nambuya, I., Mukasa, M., Onen, C., Nnaluwooza, M., Apule, B., Katongole, T., Oduru, G., Kahwa, J., Webb, E. L., Lubyayi, L., Pearce, N., Elliott, A. M. Abstract: Data on asthma aetiology in Africa are scarce. We investigated the risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren (5-17years) in urban Uganda. We conducted a case-control study, enrolling 561...

Published 06/21/19

Disease driven extinction in the wild of the Kihansi spray toad (Nectophrynoides asperginis)

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/677971v1?rss=1 Authors: Weldon, C., Channing, A., Misinzo, G., Cunningham, A. A. Abstract: The Kihansi spray toad, Nectophrynoides asperginis, became extinct in the wild despite population monitoring and conservation management of its habitat in the Kihansi gorge, Tanzania. Anecdotal evidence has indicated human induced habitat modification, predators, pesticides and disease as possible causes of a rapid population decline and...

Published 06/21/19

High-density lipoprotein characteristics and coronary heart disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/673939v1?rss=1 Authors: Prats-Uribe, A., Sayols-Baixeras, S., Fernandez-Sanles, A., Subirana, I., Carreras-Torres, R., Vilahur, G., Civeira, F., Marrugat, J., Fito, M., Hernaez, A., Elosua, R. Abstract: BackgroundThe causal role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in coronary artery disease (CAD) has been questioned. Our aim was to analyze whether genetically determined quantitative and qualitative HDL characteristics were...

Published 06/21/19

Class of antiretroviral drugs and anemia risk in the current treatment era

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/674549v1?rss=1 Authors: Harding, B. N., Whitney, B. M., Nance, R. M., Crane, H. M., Burkholder, G., Moore, R. D., Mathews, W. C., Eron, J. J., Hunt, P. W., Volberding, P., Rodriguez, B., Mayer, K. H., Saag, M. S., Kitahata, M. M., Heckbert, S. R., Delaney, J. A. C. Abstract: OBJECTIVESAnemia is common among people living with HIV (PLWH) and has been associated with certain, often older, antiretroviral medications. Information on...

Published 06/21/19