Eliot Jacks 1965 Mid-Life Crisis Paradox of prime of life fulfillment in life but seeing it as dated as death is just over the hill National Geographic 2012 Apes Have Midlife Crises, Too—And It May Help Them Middle age ruts may act as natural motivators, scientist says. BYAMANDA FIEGLNATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS PUBLISHED NOVEMBER 20, 2012 A national survey of Midlife in the United States conducted a poll to determine how many people experience midlife crises. Approximately 26% of the participants reported having a midlife crisis. Most survey participants reported that their midlife crisis occurred before age 40 or after 50, however. That raises the question about whether these crises were truly related to midlife since midlife is typically considered age 45. Out of the one in four people who say they had a midlife crisis, the vast majority say it was brought on by a major event, rather than age. Factors that triggered the crisis included life changes such as divorce, job loss, loss of a loved one, or relocation. Happiness Slump Many studies indicate that happiness is U-shaped. A gradual decline in happiness begins during the late teen years and continues until an individual is in their 40s. Happiness begins increasing again in an individual’s 50s. Data on half a million Americans and Europeans found this trend to be true. Individuals in their 60s reported they’d never been happier, but people in their 40s felt like they were at an all-time low. This U-shaped curve doesn’t appear to be universal, however. It’s more prevalent in high-income nations. A gradual decline in happiness may explain why some people seem to hit a midlife crisis—they’re in a happiness slump. Even though data suggests people become happier again later in life, there’s a pervasive belief that happiness continues to decline as we age. So, some people in their mid-40s may think life is only going to get worse, which may spark a midlife crisis. Some people may experience depression during midlife and refer to their depressive state as their midlife crisis. Women between the ages of 40 and 59 in the United States have the highest rates of depression (12.3%) of any group based on age and gender, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Suicide rates are highest during middle age—among white men in particular. People between the ages of 45 and 54 are more likely to kill themselves than any other age group.   A 2016 study published in the International Journal of Behavioral Development found an upside to the midlife crisis—curiosity. Researchers found that people who were experiencing a crisis—whether it was a quarter-life or a midlife crisis—experienced enhanced curiosity about themselves and the wider world around them.1  The distress and uncertainty participants experienced brought about openness to new ideas, which could bring insight and creative solutions. That curiosity could lead to new breakthroughs or new opportunities, which might be the silver lining in the midst of a crisis.   Professor Mark Jackson Royal Society    Psychological: Identity Crisis Biology: Awareness of ageing and deteriorating vigour. Includes women with menopause and empty nest. Middle of 20th Century standardised life course. Ie not just biological but socially prescribed. Time to marry, have children and retire. By the 1950s life expectancy had significantly increased and women had started marrying earlier. Women 20-24. Fewer children clustering them earlier in the marriage. So a longer period of life after childbearing. Men’s life was determined by occupation . Decades in the same job until retirement.  Hence everyone was...